The tooth thickness modification factor, also called thickness modification coefficient, is used to modify the tooth thickness and the tooth gap width. On the one hand, this can be used to compensate for the tooth root load capacity of pinion and gear and, on the other hand, to adjust the circumferential backlash. The tooth thickness change factor refers to the mean normal module.

| 1 |
Tooth profile with profile shift and thickness modification |
| 2 |
Reference line |
| 3 |
Basic rack tooth profile |
| xsm |
Tooth thickness modification factor (Thickness modification coefficient) |
| mmn |
Mean normal module |